Phospholipids and wheat gluten blends: interaction and kinetics

A model system comprising of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and isolated gluten were used help understand the positive effect of PL on bread-loaf volume. The kinetics of the effect of gluten on the thermal properties of LPC were determined using DSC. Blends of PL and 3, 6, and 10% gluten were heated from 0 to 70 °C at rates between 3 and 19 °C/min and cooled to 0 °C. The onset and peak temperatures and ΔH were recorded. The peak temperature was used to calculate the activation energy (E_a) and Z value. The transition for pure LPC vesicle formation was detectable by DSC in the presence of gluten. Gluten increased the activation energy of LPC during vesicle formation and disruption. The increase in gluten content from 3 to 6% and then to 10% had a slight effect on the activation energy value of LPC during vesicle disruption, whereas during formation a steady increase was noticed with higher gluten additions. Overall, the ΔH of the blends showed a decrease at higher heating rate. The change in the PL activation energy in the presence of gluten is indicative of a form of interaction.     

The apparent digestibility of energy,nitrogen and fibre and the biological value of protein in low- and high-fibre wheat breads

Sixteen 15 kg liveweight entire-male pigs were given either a low-fibre (1.21 g/100 g Neutral detergent fibre, NDF) or a high-fibre (6.38 g 100 g, NDF) wheat bread as their sole source of dietary protein, in a conventional 21-day metabolism study. A glucose/oil supplement which was assumed to be completely absorbed was given with the bread to ensure a high ratio of dietary energy to protein, to allow measurement of biological value (BV). The apparent faecal digestibility of gross energy was significantly (p<0.001) lower (7.4% units) for pigs given the high-fibre bread as was the apparent digestibility of NDF (24% units lower). The apparent faecal digestibility of total nitrogen was also significantly (p<0.001) lower for the animals fed the high-fibre bread, but there were no significant differences between the breads for the BV of their protein. The overall mean BV for the breads was 46%. The results indicate a significantly lower digestibility of nutrients and gross energy in breads containing appreciable quantities of wheat bran fibre.     

盘锦地区生态农业的发展与思考

生态农业由于充分发挥了多种生物种群的作用,实行了多级利用的良性循环,不仅提高了经济效益,增强了自我发展的能力,同时改善了生态环境,促进了新能源开发。     

花生果微波-热风耦合干燥特性及能耗分析

为提高花生果干燥后的品质，采用脉冲间歇式-低强度微波、高强度微波以及高&低强度微波分别与热风 进行耦合干燥，研究不同干燥工艺下花生果的干燥特性、品质特性及干燥能耗情况。结果表明：采用脉冲间歇式- 高&低强度微波热风耦合的干燥工艺最佳，其中微波强度 0.95 W/g照射时间 16.7 min，微波强度 0.48 W/g照射时间 11.7 min，干燥总耗时198.3 min，可将花生果含水率从50.0%降至15.5%，并且其总能耗比低强度微波和高强度微波 分别降低了37.1%、8.6%，干燥后花生果的品质较佳。因此，脉冲间歇式-高&低强度微波热风耦合干燥工艺的研究 对花生果的减损具有重要意义。     

The analysis of the apparel supply chain systems with specific reference to the Korean apparel organisations of the overseas and domestic brand products

Case studies of apparel organisations, in two broadly distinguishable market groups in South Korea have been conducted for this research. One of the case study organisations,company A, sells high fashion knit wear products manufactured by a foreign supplier and the other,company B, deals fashionable ladies wear supplied by 8 to 10 domestic apparel manufacturers. The study identifies common issues and differences between these dissimilar apparel companies in their respective supply chain systems. The selected apparel systems were analysed and categorised into four sectors, i.e.: production management, product distribution management, customer buying behaviour analysis and the evaluation of business performance in terms of both quantity and quality. The analysis was conducted as a pre-cursor to simulation studies to investigate the effects of apparel supply chain control parameters on the relevant business performance. The predominant costs are the product cost and the outlet rent, both of which reflect the product volumes ordered. The forecast errors are high for both apparel companies. Therefore, improving the forecasting techniques should significantly reduce the costs and improve the profits. The data derived from the case studies can contribute new information on the globalised supply chain study area, especially the approach to compare the international to domestic apparel entrepreneurs’ activities/finances will be a useful guideline to compare relevant supply chain systems in other countries as well as in Korea.     

湖北省小麦适宜播期的叶龄积温法确定

为探明气候变暖背景下湖北省各地小麦适宜播期,同时为鄂北地区小麦亩产千斤提供理论支撑,本研究对2008~2012年湖北省郧西等10个地区的气象数据进行了分析,依据在前期研究基础上提出的湖北省小麦主导品种郑麦9023的叶热间距,运用叶龄积温法推算得出郧西等10个地区的小麦适宜播期。生产上各地可根据此次研究结果,结合当地气象预报、土壤墒情以及小麦品种特性等适当调整小麦播期,确保小麦壮苗越冬、高产稳产。     

土地整治规划中的环境效益评价研究——以烟台市为例

烟台市在实际推进土地整治过程中通过从源头上预防或减缓土地整治规划实施以后对区域生态环境产生负面影响,保证整治过程中的生态环境效益。该研究通过将生态环境效益转换成现金价值的方式对土地整治规划实施后的生态环境效益进行了分析和评价,为今后土地整治规划提供借鉴和经验,以提高土地利用率,促进生态环境效益、社会效益和经济效益的统一。     

Mn、Cu、Fe对糜子萌发特性的影响

[目的]探讨不同浓度Mn、Cu、Fe溶液对糜子(Panicum miliaceum L.)萌发特性的影响,以期为其实际生产应用提供理论依据。[方法]以蒸馏水为对照,设置不同浓度Mn(50、100、200、400、800 mg/L)、Cu(10、30、90、270、360 mg/L)、Fe(10、30、90、270、360 mg/L)溶液,研究3种微量元素对糜子萌发的影响。[结果]中等浓度Mn、Cu、Fe溶液对糜子发芽势起促进作用,其中Cu的促进作用最明显。低浓度Mn、Cu、Fe溶液对糜子发芽率无影响,而高浓度则起抑制作用。低浓度Mn、Cu、Fe溶液对糜子根长、侧根数以及侧根总长度起促进作用,尤其Fe溶液促进作用最明显,而高浓度溶液则起明显抑制作用。不同浓度Mn、Cu、Fe均对糜子胚轴起抑制作用。[结论]Mn浓度在50~100 mg/L、Cu浓度在10~30 mg/L、Fe浓度在10~30 mg/L时可提高糜子发芽势,不影响发芽率,并促进幼苗健壮。     

石家庄市健康城市规划研究

在石家庄雾霾天气事件频发的背景下,对健康城市规划的基本概念和原则进行了研究,构建了石家庄健康城市评估的环境指标体系,最后指出了健康城市规划应注意的问题,旨在为石家庄市城市规划提供理论参考.     

饲粮能量浓度对肥育猪行为特点的影响

采用单因子试验设计,研究不同能量浓度对肥育猪非采食期间行为的影响。选取81头年龄、体重相近的杜长大三元杂种猪,采用随机区组设计,共3个处理组,每处理组3栏,每栏9头猪,分别饲喂能蛋比相同的3种不同消化能浓度的饲粮(能蛋比均为79 MJ/kg),低能饲粮消化能10.87 MJ/kg;中能饲粮消化能12.54 MJ/kg;高能饲粮消化能14.21 MJ/kg。试验结果表明,饲喂高能饲粮的生长肥育猪行为规癖发生频率最低,趴卧时间最多(P<0.05)。